Chemistry · Fundamental Principles of Organic Chemistry

Coal can be converted to petroleum through a process known as destructive distillation. In this process, coal is heated in the absence of air, causing it to break down into various volatile components, including gases, tars, and oils. These products can be further processed to obtain liquid fuels similar to petroleum. Therefore, option b is correct.

The Haber process is used to produce ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen. It is not related to the conversion of coal to petroleum.

Coal can be converted to petroleum through a process known as destructive distillation. In this process, coal is heated in the absence of air, causing it to break down into various volatile components, including gases, tars, and oils. These products can be further processed to obtain liquid fuels similar to petroleum.

This process is used to synthesize liquid hydrocarbons from a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. While it is a method for producing hydrocarbons, it is not specifically used for converting coal to petroleum.

Fractional distillation is a process used to separate different components of a mixture based on their boiling points. It is commonly used in the refining of petroleum but is not the process used to convert coal into petroleum.