Chemistry · States of Matter - Gases, Liquids and Solids
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Which of the following has more evaporation rate at the same temperature?
- A
Gasoline
- B
Water
- C
Honey
- D
Ethanol
A higher evaporation rate ( higher volatility) means that intermolecular forces are weaker and hence are easily overcome leading to the molecules escaping from the surface of the liquid. Gasoline is a mixture of volatile, flammable hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons have weak instantaneous dipole-induced dipole forces between them. Water and Alcohol both have strong intermolecular forces: hydrogen bonding, which requires more energy to overcome. Honey being very viscous/ having higher density has the strongest intermolecular forces of attraction ( greater number of hydrogen bonds).
A higher evaporation rate ( higher volatility) means that intermolecular forces are weaker and hence are easily overcome leading to the molecules escaping from the surface of the liquid. Gasoline is a mixture of volatile, flammable hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons have weak instantaneous dipole-induced dipole forces between them. Water and Alcohol both have strong intermolecular forces: hydrogen bonding, which requires more energy to overcome. Honey being very viscous/ having higher density has the strongest intermolecular forces of attraction ( greater number of hydrogen bonds).
Water has stronger intermolecular forces due to hydrogen bonding, and its molecular weight is higher compared to gasoline. While water can evaporate, it tends to evaporate more slowly than substances with weaker intermolecular forces.
Honey is a highly viscous liquid with strong intermolecular forces, and its evaporation rate is generally much slower than that of liquids with weaker forces.
Ethanol has a lower molecular weight compared to water and has weaker intermolecular forces. Therefore, ethanol is likely to have a higher evaporation rate than water.
Tagged under Chemistry · States of Matter - Gases, Liquids and Solids · 2021