Chemistry · States of Matter - Gases, Liquids and Solids
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When NaCl dissolves in water, the positive end of water surrounds the Cl- ion, and the negative end of water surrounds the Na+end of salt. Which forces are present between these ions and the water molecule?
- A
Dipole-dipole forces
- B
Ion dipole forces
- C
H-bond
- D
Debye force
Forces that are present between ions and water molecules are called ion-dipole forces.
"Dipole-dipole forces" are attractive forces between polar molecules themselves, not between ions and water molecules.
The force between NaCl ions and water molecules is primarily due to ion-dipole forces, which result from the attraction between the charged ions and the polar water molecules.
"H-Bond" refers specifically to the attractive force between a hydrogen atom bonded to a highly electronegative atom (such as oxygen or nitrogen) and another highly electronegative atom in a different molecule.
"Debye forces" are a type of induced dipole-induced dipole forces (also known as London dispersion forces), which are weak attractive forces between all molecules, regardless of polarity.
Tagged under Chemistry · States of Matter - Gases, Liquids and Solids · 2021