Biology · Evolution

Hardy-Weinberg Theorem allows us to calculate the allele frequency in populations where the phenotype that we are examining is the same for a homozygous dominant and heterozygous condition but different for the homozygous recessive condition. The postulates for this theorem to be applicable to any population are; no mutation, random mating, no gene flow (no migration from or into the population), infinite population size (large population), and no natural selection or selective advantage.

According to Hardy Weinberg Theorem, "Both the ratios of phenotypes and frequency of alleles remain constant from one generation to the next in a sexually reproducing population, provided other conditions are stable". The basic conditions include; Random mating, large populations, no mutation, no gene flow, and no migration. Thus option A is the correct answer

Mendel's law of independent assortment, states that allele pairs separate during the formation of gametes.

Mendel’s law of segregation states that the two alleles for each trait segregate, or separate, during the formation of gametes, and that during the formation of new zygotes, the alleles will combine at random with other alleles.

Cell theory by Schielden and Schwann states that “all living things are composed of one or more cells; the cell is the basic unit of life; and new cells arise from existing cells”.