Frictional unemployment rises from job transitions

Steps:

• Recall frictional unemployment as temporary joblessness during voluntary job searches or switches.
• Evaluate options for causes matching voluntary movement between jobs.
• Eliminate structural (skill mismatches) or cyclical (economic downturns) causes.
• Identify the option directly increasing job seekers between positions.

Why D is correct:

• Frictional unemployment is defined as the natural rate from workers quitting to seek better opportunities, so more voluntary job changes directly raise it.

Why the others are wrong:

• A causes cyclical unemployment from reduced demand in recessions.
• B causes structural unemployment from technological skill mismatches.
• C causes structural unemployment from sectoral shifts requiring new skills.

Final answer: D