Comparative advantage via opportunity costs

Steps:

• Calculate opportunity cost of rice for X: 50 tables / 150 rice = 1/3 table per rice.
• Calculate opportunity cost of rice for Y: 50 tables / 100 rice = 1/2 table per rice.
• X has lower opportunity cost for rice (1/3 < 1/2), so comparative advantage in rice.
• Calculate opportunity cost of tables for Y: 100 rice / 50 tables = 2 rice per table (lower than X's 3 rice per table), so Y has comparative advantage in tables.

Why D is correct:

• Y's opportunity cost of producing tables (2 rice) is lower than X's (3 rice), per the definition of comparative advantage as lower relative opportunity cost.

Why the others are wrong:

• A: X has lower opportunity cost for rice, not Y.
• B: Y's opportunity cost for rice (1/2 table) is higher than X's (1/3 table).
• C: X's opportunity cost for tables (3 rice) is higher than Y's (2 rice).

Final answer: D