Statement reflects positive microeconomics

Steps:

• Analyze the statement: It proposes taxation's effect on congestion, a factual cause-effect relationship (positive economics).
• Identify scope: Focuses on city centre traffic, a specific local market issue (microeconomics).
• Distinguish from macro: Involves one city's transportation, not national aggregates like GDP or inflation.
• Conclude type: Positive analysis of micro policy tool (taxation for congestion).

Why B is correct:

• Positive economics predicts outcomes without judgment; taxation reducing congestion is an objective, testable micro policy effect (per economic definitions of positive vs. normative).

Why the others are wrong:

• A: Not normative (lacks "ought" beyond effect); not macro (local, not economy-wide).
• C: Positive yes, but macro no (city-specific, not aggregate).
• D: Duplicate of B, but lacks distinction; incorrect as listed.

Final answer: B