Key difference: Polarization in wave types

Steps:

• Recall transverse waves have particle displacement perpendicular to propagation, allowing plane-specific vibrations.
• Recall longitudinal waves have particle displacement parallel to propagation, with no perpendicular component.
• Evaluate polarization: requires restricting vibrations to one plane, feasible only for transverse waves.
• Check interference and energy: both wave types support these phenomena.

Why B is correct:

• Polarization confines oscillations to a single plane, possible in transverse waves due to perpendicular displacement but impossible in longitudinal waves where motion is along the propagation direction.

Why the others are wrong:

• A: Both wave types have equilibrium positions for particles, where net displacement is zero.
• C: Both transverse and longitudinal waves transfer energy through particle interactions without net matter transport.
• D: Two-source interference occurs in both, as seen in sound waves (longitudinal) producing patterns.

Final answer: B