Electromagnetic spectrum wavelength ranges

Steps:

• Recall that electromagnetic radiation types are categorized by wavelength, decreasing from radio waves to gamma rays.
• Identify X-ray range: 0.01 nm to 10 nm.
• Check if 0.5 nm fits: Yes, it lies within 0.01–10 nm.
• Compare to other options: Only X-rays match this wavelength.

Why D is correct:

• X-rays are defined by wavelengths of 0.01 nm to 10 nm, per standard electromagnetic spectrum classification, encompassing 0.5 nm.

Why the others are wrong:

• A. γ-rays: Wavelengths shorter than 0.01 nm, typically <0.01 nm.
• B. Ultraviolet: Wavelengths from 10 nm to 400 nm, longer than 0.5 nm.
• C. Visible light: Wavelengths from 400 nm to 700 nm, much longer than 0.5 nm.

Final answer: D