A Levels Physics (9702)•9702/13/O/N/18

Explanation
Order-of-magnitude estimates in physics Steps:
- Recall standard values: atmospheric pressure (A), light travel time from Sun (B), UV frequency (C), human lifespan (D).
- Compute expected orders: pressure 10^5 Pa; Sun distance 1.5×10^11 m, c=3×10^8 m/s so time 500 s or 10^2 s; UV λ≈10^{-7} m so f=c/λ=3×10^{15} Hz; lifespan 80 yr × 3×10^7 s/yr ≈ 2×10^9 s.
- Compare to given values for discrepancies.
- Select largest mismatch as unreasonable.
Why B is correct:
- Light travel time = distance/speed of light = 1.5×10^{11}/3×10^8 = 5×10^2 s (8 min), but 10^{16} s equals ~300 million years, violating basic optics formula.
Why the others are wrong:
- A: Matches standard 1.01×10^5 Pa definition exactly in order.
- C: Matches c/λ for UV wavelength (100 nm) per electromagnetic spectrum.
- D: Close to 10^9 s order (off by factor ~10, acceptable rough estimate).
Final answer: B
Topic: Physical quantities
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