Mass is constant; weight varies with gravity

Steps:

• Mass of the body is invariant and remains 1.0 kg on planet Q.
• On planet P, weight W_P = m g_P, so g_P = W_P / m = 1.0 N / 1.0 kg = 1.0 m/s².
• Given g_P = (1/10) g_Q, thus g_Q = 10 g_P = 10.0 m/s².
• On planet Q, weight W_Q = m g_Q = 1.0 kg × 10.0 m/s² = 10 N.

Why B is correct:

• Mass is an intrinsic property (1.0 kg); weight follows W = mg, scaling with g_Q = 10 g_P to yield 10 N.

Why the others are wrong:

• A: Weight 0.1 N incorrectly assumes inverse g ratio.
• C: Mass 10 kg violates mass invariance.
• D: Mass 10 kg and weight 100 N both ignore mass constancy and misapply g scaling.

Final answer: B