Potential Difference as Energy per Unit Charge

Steps:

• Recall that potential difference, or voltage, measures how much electrical energy is converted as charges move through a component.
• Use the formula V = W/Q, where V is potential difference, W is energy transferred, and Q is charge.
• Compare this to the options: identify which matches energy transfer per charge.
• Eliminate mismatches by checking definitions of current, electric field, and resistance.

Why B is correct:

• It directly matches the definition V = W/Q, where potential difference is the electrical potential energy transferred per unit charge.

Why the others are wrong:

• A defines electric current (I = Q/t), not potential difference.
• C describes the electric field strength (E = F/Q), not voltage across a component.
• D relates to Ohm's law (R = V/I), but inverts the concepts of resistance and current.

Final answer: B