Hybridization and properties of SiCl₄

Steps:

• Identify the molecular geometry of SiCl₄ as tetrahedral based on four bonding pairs around Si.
• Assign hybridization: sp³ for Si (four sigma bonds) and for each Cl (one sigma bond, three lone pairs).
• Verify physical state: boiling point 57°C, so liquid below that temperature.
• Check hydrolysis reaction: SiCl₄ + 2H₂O → SiO₂ (precipitate) + 4HCl (acidic).

Why A is correct:

• VSEPR theory predicts tetrahedral geometry for SiCl₄, requiring sp³ hybridization for the central Si atom and each terminal Cl atom to accommodate bonds and lone pairs.

Why the others are wrong:

• B: SiCl₄ is actually a liquid at room temperature (melting point -70°C, boiling point 57°C).
• C: SiCl₄ does hydrolyze with water to form SiO₂ precipitate and HCl, producing an acidic solution.
• D: Not enough information.

Final answer: A