Syn dihydroxylation of alkene double bonds Steps:

• Geraniol contains a primary alcohol and two isolated C=C bonds.
• Cold dilute acidified KMnO4 selectively oxidizes alkenes to vicinal diols via syn addition.
• Both double bonds in geraniol undergo dihydroxylation, adding two OH groups each.
• The primary alcohol group remains unreacted, yielding a tetraol product.

Why A is correct:

• A depicts the tetraol from syn dihydroxylation of both double bonds, consistent with cold dilute KMnO4 conditions preserving the carbon skeleton (Baeyer-Villiger rule for alkenes).

Why the others are wrong:

• B shows monohydroxylation of only one double bond, ignoring excess reagent acting on both.
• C represents oxidative cleavage to carboxylic acids, which requires hot concentrated KMnO4.
• D indicates ketone formation, typical for hot alkaline cleavage of trisubstituted alkenes, not cold conditions.

Final answer: A