Functional group tests for compound X

Steps:

• Identify key functional groups in X's structure (e.g., alkene, carbonyl type).
• Test A: Check for unsaturation via KMnO4 reaction.
• Test B: Confirm carbonyl presence with 2,4-DNPH.
• Test C: Verify lack of aldehyde with Tollens' reagent. Not enough information: Structure of X not provided, preventing definitive analysis.

Why C is correct:

• Tollens' reagent oxidizes only aldehydes (R-CHO) to carboxylic acids; ketones (R-CO-R') do not react, per aldehyde-specific silver mirror test.

Why the others are wrong:

• A: Requires C=C or C≡C bonds for decolorization; absent in saturated carbonyls.
• B: 2,4-DNPH forms orange hydrazone only with aldehydes/ketones; non-carbonyls fail.
• D: Option incomplete, cannot evaluate.

Final answer: C