A Levels Chemistry (9701)•9701/12/M/J/18

Explanation
Dative Bond Arrow in Ammonium Ion
Steps:
- Recall NH4+ structure: nitrogen bonded to four hydrogens, one dative covalent bond from nitrogen's lone pair.
- Identify dative bond: lone pair from N shared with H+.
- Arrow convention: points from donor (N) to acceptor (H).
- Evaluate diagrams: correct one shows arrow from N to one H, others as regular bonds.
Why C is correct:
- Arrow points from N to H, matching dative bond definition where it indicates direction of lone pair donation.
Why the others are wrong:
- A: Arrow points from H to N, reversing donor-acceptor direction.
- B: No arrow shown, failing to distinguish dative from regular bonds.
- D: Arrow points to N from multiple H, misrepresenting single dative bond.
Final answer: C
Topic: Chemical bonding
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