Hybridoma Technology for Monoclonal Antibodies

Steps:

• Inject antigen (toxin) into mouse to stimulate specific B-lymphocytes producing antibodies.
• Collect activated B-lymphocytes from mouse spleen.
• Fuse B-lymphocytes with immortal myeloma cells to form hybridomas.
• Screen hybridomas to select those producing identical antibodies specific to the antigen.

Why B is correct:

• Step 1 accurately describes immunization, which activates specific B-lymphocytes via clonal selection in adaptive immunity.

Why the others are wrong:

• A includes step 2, but it omits the screening for specificity after fusion.
• C includes step 3, but hybridomas produce monoclonal (identical) antibodies, not a variety of variable regions.
• D includes only step 3, which misrepresents hybridoma output as polyclonal rather than monoclonal.

Final answer: B