Key components of viral structure

Steps:

• Identify universal viral features: all viruses contain a nucleic acid genome (DNA or RNA) and a protein capsid.
• Determine bonds in nucleic acids: phosphodiester bonds link nucleotides in the backbone.
• Determine bonds in proteins: peptide bonds link amino acids in polypeptide chains.
• Note that not all viruses have additional bonds like hydrogen bonds in secondary structures if option 2 refers to that, but focus on essentials.

Why C is correct:

• All viruses have phosphodiester bonds (1) in their genome and peptide bonds (3) in capsid proteins, per virology definitions of minimal viral structure.

Why the others are wrong:

• A includes 2, but hydrogen bonds (2) are not uniquely defining or present in all viral contexts without proteins/nucleic acids.
• B excludes 3, ignoring peptide bonds essential for capsid.
• D excludes 1, overlooking phosphodiester bonds in every viral genome.

Not enough information on exact definitions of bonds 1, 2, and 3.

Final answer: C