Passive immunity lacks active immune engagement Steps:

• Recall passive immunity involves receiving pre-formed antibodies (e.g., from mother or injection), not self-generated.
• Identify key traits: no antigen trigger in recipient, no immune response activation, no memory cells formed, protection is temporary.
• Compare to active immunity: antigen-triggered, response involved, memory cells produced, long-term protection.
• Match option with all negatives (X) to passive immunity definition.

Why D is correct:

• Passive immunity transfers ready antibodies, bypassing antigen exposure, immune activation, memory formation, and providing only short-term protection.

Why the others are wrong:

• A describes partial active immunity traits (antigen trigger and response) but incorrectly negates memory and permanence.
• B identical to A, so mismatches passive by including antigen and response elements.
• C identical to D in text but listed as incorrect, likely a formatting error; it should align with D's all-X profile for passive.

Final answer: D