Memory Cells in Secondary Immune Response

Steps:

• Memory B cells encounter the antigen again and activate rapidly.
• Activated memory cells proliferate by clonal expansion.
• Progeny differentiate into plasma cells that produce antibodies.
• Some progeny become new memory cells for long-term immunity.

Why C is correct:

• In immunology, memory B cells divide to form both effector plasma cells (for immediate antibody production) and additional memory cells (for future responses), as defined in adaptive immunity processes.

Why the others are wrong:

• A: Memory cells divide into effector cells, not directly into antibodies; antibodies are proteins secreted by plasma cells.
• B: Omits production of new memory cells, which sustains immunological memory.
• D: Incorrectly lists antibodies as a division product; they result from plasma cell secretion, not cell division.

Final answer: C