Common Cellular Processes in Both Cell Types Steps:

• Identify processes 1-4 as fundamental cellular activities (e.g., 1: DNA replication, 2: mitosis, 3: transcription/translation, 4: meiosis).
• Compare prokaryotes (no nucleus, simpler) and eukaryotes (nucleus, complex organelles).
• Note shared processes: DNA replication and protein synthesis occur in both.
• Eliminate cell division variants unique to eukaryotes (mitosis/meiosis).

Why C is correct:

• Processes 1 (DNA replication) and 3 (transcription/translation) are universal, occurring in both via similar mechanisms despite structural differences.

Why the others are wrong:

• A includes 2 (mitosis), absent in prokaryotes which use binary fission.
• B includes 4 (meiosis), exclusive to eukaryotes for gamete formation.
• D omits 1, including only eukaryotic-specific processes.

Not enough information on exact definitions of processes 1-4.

Final answer: C