Addison's Disease: Autoimmune Adrenal Insufficiency

Steps:

• Identify Addison's disease as primary adrenal insufficiency, often due to immune attack on adrenal glands.
• Confirm statement 1: It arises from internal immune dysfunction, not pathogens, making it non-infectious.
• Confirm statement 2: Autoimmune process targets the body's own tissues, classifying it as autoimmune.
• Confirm statement 3: Antibodies attack self-enzymes (antigens) in adrenal cortex, leading to hormone deficiency.

Why A is correct:

• Addison's fits the autoimmune disease definition: immune system produces antibodies against self-antigens, causing non-infectious adrenal damage.

Why the others are wrong:

• B omits statement 3, but antibodies target self-antigens like 21-hydroxylase enzyme.
• C omits statement 2, but it is explicitly an autoimmune disorder.
• D omits statement 1, but lacks infectious agents like bacteria or viruses.

Final answer: A