Disruption of hydrogen bonds lowers both thermal properties of water

Steps:

• Hydrogen bonds in water absorb heat energy, raising specific heat capacity by stretching bonds before temperature increases.
• Detergents disrupt these bonds, reducing energy absorption for heating, so specific heat capacity decreases.
• Hydrogen bonds require significant energy to break during vaporization, contributing to high latent heat of vaporization.
• Disrupting bonds lowers the energy needed to separate molecules into vapor, so latent heat decreases.

Why D is correct:

• Both specific heat capacity and latent heat of vaporization are high due to strong hydrogen bonding; weakening bonds reduces energy requirements for both, per definitions of heat capacities involving intermolecular forces.

Why the others are wrong:

• A: Latent heat decreases with weaker bonds, does not increase.
• B: Specific heat decreases, does not increase.
• C: Neither property increases when bonds are disrupted.

Final answer: D