Mycobacterium bovis causes tuberculosis

Steps:

• Recall that Mycobacterium species are bacteria known for causing tuberculosis.
• Identify Mycobacterium bovis as a specific pathogen in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex.
• Note that it primarily affects cattle but can infect humans, leading to tuberculosis.
• Match this to the disease tuberculosis among the options.

Why D is correct:

• Mycobacterium bovis belongs to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, defined as the group of bacteria that cause tuberculosis infections in animals and humans.

Why the others are wrong:

• A: Cholera is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, not Mycobacterium.
• B: HIV/AIDS results from the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a retrovirus.
• C: Malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites transmitted by mosquitoes.

Final answer: D