Enzyme-Substrate Binding Specificity

Steps:

• CYP4V2 breaks down furanocoumarins, which are substances in some fruits.
• High furanocoumarin levels occur after eating these fruits, requiring enzyme action.
• Enzymes target specific substrates like furanocoumarins via the active site.
• This specificity enables breakdown, matching option A.

Why A is correct:

• Enzymes form specific enzyme-substrate complexes at the active site, as defined by the lock-and-key model of catalysis.

Why the others are wrong:

• B: Enzymes act as reusable catalysts and do not change permanently.
• C: The information provides no details on enzyme activity resuming.
• D: Lowering activation energy is a general enzyme property, not concluded from the given substrate-specific details.

Final answer: A