Classifying Carbohydrates and Biomolecules

Steps:

• Recall definitions: Monosaccharides are single sugar units; polysaccharides are long chains of monosaccharides; polymers are large molecules from repeating units; macromolecules include proteins, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides.
• Examine option A: Amylase and phosphatase are protein enzymes (macromolecules), but ribose is a small sugar.
• Examine option B: Cellulose is a polysaccharide polymer, catalase is a protein polymer, but glucose is a monosaccharide monomer.
• Examine option C: Deoxyribose, fructose, and ribose are all single-unit sugars.
• Examine option D: Sucrose is a disaccharide, deoxyribose a monosaccharide, amylopectin a polysaccharide.

Why C is correct:

• Monosaccharides are simple sugars with the general formula C₆H₁₂O₆ or similar, and deoxyribose (C₅H₁₀O₄), fructose (C₆H₁₂O₆), and ribose (C₅H₁₀O₅) fit this as single units.

Why the others are wrong:

• A: Ribose is not a macromolecule; it's a small monosaccharide.
• B: Glucose is not a polymer; it's a monomer.
• D: Sucrose and deoxyribose are not polysaccharides; sucrose is a disaccharide, deoxyribose a monosaccharide.

Final answer: C