Organelles in Protein Synthesis and Processing

Steps:

• Identify the functions of listed organelles: ribosomes synthesize proteins, rough ER aids protein synthesis with attached ribosomes, smooth ER handles lipid synthesis and detoxification, Golgi body modifies and packages proteins.
• Determine the question seeks a pair linked by a shared cellular process, specifically protein handling.
• Evaluate pairs for direct involvement in protein production to final packaging.
• Select the pair connecting initial synthesis to final modification.

Why B is correct:

• Ribosomes synthesize proteins on free or rough ER, and the Golgi body receives them for modification and packaging, forming a key step in the secretory pathway per cell biology definitions.

Why the others are wrong:

• A: Smooth ER focuses on lipids and detox, unrelated to rough ER's protein role.
• C: Rough ER synthesizes proteins but pairs with Golgi without including synthesis site (ribosomes).
• D: Smooth ER and Golgi lack a direct shared function in protein processing.

Final answer: B