Comparing structural and functional features of cilia and root hairs Steps: - Identify function: Root hairs extend from plant root cells to maximize absorption by increasing surface area. - Assess visibility: Cilia's 9+2 microtubule arrangement requires electron microscopy for resolution, unlike root hairs visible under light microscope. - Evaluate vacuoles: Plant root hair cells start with multiple small vacuoles that fuse into one, but are described as having more than one in early stages. - Match to options: Select choice aligning with root hairs for surface area and vacuoles, cilia for resolution limit. Why C is correct: - Root hairs increase surface area per their role in absorption (biology definition of plant root adaptations); cilia's ultrastructure is below light microscope resolution (~0.2 μm limit); root hairs as plant cells contain multiple vacuoles during development. Why the others are wrong: - A: Wrongly assigns resolution limit and vacuoles to root hairs, which are light-microscope visible with one main vacuole. - B: Misattributes vacuoles to cilia on animal cells, which lack prominent vacuoles. - D: Incorrectly gives resolution limit to root hairs …