Aphid Population Growth Factors Steps:

• Identify that rapid population increase requires conditions favoring reproduction and survival.
• Recall that low competition reduces threats from predators or rivals, allowing more aphids to thrive.
• Note that high food supply from bean plants provides ample nutrients for feeding and growth.
• Combine these: low competition with high food enables unchecked population expansion.

Why B is correct:

• Low competition minimizes resource disputes and predation, while high food supply ensures energy for rapid reproduction, per ecological carrying capacity principles.

Why the others are wrong:

• A: High competition limits access to resources, and low food causes starvation, preventing growth.
• C: High competition restricts individual success despite high food, capping population size.
• D: Low competition can't overcome low food, leading to malnutrition and decline.

Final answer: B