Biological catalysts are enzymes that speed up reactions

Steps:

• Recall that biological catalysts, called enzymes, accelerate chemical reactions in living organisms without being consumed.
• Evaluate each option against the enzyme definition: enzymes are proteins that catalyze specific biochemical reactions.
• Eliminate non-enzymes: DNA stores genetic info, bile emulsifies fats, insulin regulates blood sugar.
• Confirm maltase as an enzyme that breaks down maltose into glucose.

Why D is correct:

• Maltase is an enzyme, a biological catalyst that hydrolyzes maltose per the enzyme-substrate specificity in biochemistry.

Why the others are wrong:

• A. DNA: Genetic material for heredity, not a catalyst.
• B. Bile: Digestive aid that emulsifies fats, not an enzyme.
• C. Insulin: Hormone that signals glucose uptake, not a catalyst.

Final answer: D