Benedict's Test Indicates Glucosuria from Insulin Deficiency

Steps:

• Benedict's reagent detects reducing sugars, primarily glucose, in urine.
• A positive test confirms glucosuria, where glucose spills into urine.
• Glucosuria results from hyperglycemia exceeding the kidney's reabsorption threshold.
• Hyperglycemia often stems from insufficient insulin, impairing glucose uptake.

Why B is correct:

• Insufficient pancreatic insulin causes uncontrolled hyperglycemia, leading to glucosuria and a positive Benedict's test (definition: type 1 diabetes mellitus).

Why the others are wrong:

• A: Liver deamination processes amino acids into urea, unrelated to urine glucose detection.
• C: Excess glucose alone describes the symptom but ignores the insulin deficiency causing it.
• D: High plasma concentration typically refers to electrolytes or proteins, not sugars tested by Benedict's.

Final answer: B