Type 1 Diabetes and Hyperglycemia

Steps:

• Recall that Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition destroying insulin-producing cells in the pancreas.
• Understand insulin regulates blood glucose by facilitating uptake into cells.
• Without insulin, glucose accumulates in blood, raising levels (hyperglycemia).
• Identify hyperglycemia as a primary diagnostic sign via blood tests.

Why B is correct:

• Type 1 diabetes definition includes insufficient insulin, causing elevated blood glucose levels above 200 mg/dL fasting or with symptoms, per American Diabetes Association criteria.

Why the others are wrong:

• A: Lack of hemoglobin indicates anemia, unrelated to diabetes glucose regulation.
• C: Diabetes causes increased urine production (polyuria) from osmotic diuresis due to high glucose.
• D: Type 1 features insulin deficiency, not excess; hyperinsulinemia occurs in insulin resistance like Type 2.

Final answer: B