Eye Accommodation for Distance and Near Vision

Steps:

• Recall distant focus relaxes ciliary muscle (less lens curvature, taut zonules, pupil dilation).
• Recall near focus contracts ciliary muscle (more lens curvature, slack zonules, pupil constriction).
• Map these to table: distant as 2 (ciliary relax), 4 (lens thins), 7 (pupil dilates); near as 1 (ciliary contracts), 5 (zonules slack), 8 (pupil constricts).
• Compare options to find matching pairs.

Why D is correct:

• D correctly groups distant changes (2,4,7) and near changes (1,5,8), aligning with accommodation where ciliary relaxation flattens the lens for distant rays per the lens formula (1/f = 1/v - 1/u).

Why the others are wrong:

• A misassigns ciliary contraction (1) and pupil constriction (8) to distant focus.
• B incorrectly pairs lens thinning (4, distant) with near changes.
• C swaps distant (2,4,7) and near groupings, including zonule slack (5) for distant.

Final answer: D