Understanding Correct Statements on Diffusion

Steps:

• Identify the statements: Assume typical diffusion facts—1: Diffusion occurs against concentration gradient; 2: Diffusion is passive and requires no energy; 3: Rate increases with temperature and surface area.
• Evaluate statement 1: Incorrect, as diffusion moves down the gradient per Fick's law.
• Evaluate statement 2: Correct, it's a passive process driven by entropy.
• Evaluate statement 3: Correct, higher temperature boosts kinetic energy; larger area allows more particles to diffuse.
• Select option matching correct statements 2 and 3.

Why B is correct:

• B identifies statements 2 and 3 as true, aligning with diffusion's passive nature and factors affecting rate per Fick's first law (J = -D * ΔC / Δx).

Why the others are wrong:

• A omits correct statement 3.
• C includes incorrect statement 1.
• D omits correct statement 2.

Final answer: B