Antibiotics target bacterial infections only

Steps:

• Antibiotics kill or inhibit bacteria, ineffective against viruses, parasites, or non-infectious conditions.
• Classify diseases: anemia (nutritional/blood disorder), cholera (bacterial), HIV (viral), malaria (parasitic).
• Identify cholera as caused by Vibrio cholerae bacteria.
• Select the bacterial disease as the one treatable by antibiotics.

Why B is correct:

• Cholera is a bacterial infection from Vibrio cholerae, which antibiotics like doxycycline directly target and eliminate.

Why the others are wrong:

• A. Anemia is a non-infectious blood condition, not responsive to antibiotics.
• C. HIV is a viral infection, requiring antivirals, not antibiotics.
• D. Malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites, treated with antimalarials, not antibiotics.

Final answer: B