Sperm cells carry one sex chromosome for genetic diversity

Steps:

• Males have XY sex chromosomes, while females have XX.
• During meiosis in sperm production, the X and Y chromosomes separate.
• Each sperm receives exactly one sex chromosome from the pair.
• This results in two types of sperm: X-bearing or Y-bearing.

Why C is correct:

• According to Mendelian inheritance in sex determination, every sperm contains either an X or Y chromosome, but not both, to ensure half the offspring are male and half female.

Why the others are wrong:

• A: Incorrect because not all sperm carry X; about half carry Y.
• B: Incorrect because not all sperm carry Y; about half carry X.
• D: Incorrect because sperm are haploid and contain only one sex chromosome, not both.

Final answer: C