O Levels Biology (5090)•5090/11/M/J/21

Explanation
Eye Accommodation for Distant Vision Steps:
- For distant objects, parallel light rays require minimal lens convergence.
- Ciliary muscles relax, reducing tension on the suspensory ligaments.
- Lens becomes thinner and flatter to focus rays on the retina.
- Pupil dilates slightly to allow more light, but primary changes are muscle relaxation and lens flattening.
Why C is correct:
- Option C (2 and 3) matches the accommodation process where ciliary muscle relaxation (2) flattens the lens (3) for distant focus, per the Helmholtz theory of accommodation.
Why the others are wrong:
- A includes 1 (pupil constriction), which occurs for near vision, not distant.
- B includes 1 (pupil constriction) and 4 (cornea steepening), both incorrect for distance.
- D includes 4 (cornea steepening), which does not occur; cornea shape remains constant.
Final answer: C
Topic: Mammalian sense organs
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