Bacterial products in biotechnology

Steps:

• Recall common bacterial products: recombinant proteins like insulin (but assume 1 is not), antibiotics (3), enzymes or lactic acid (4).
• Eliminate items not produced by bacteria: assume 1 is ethanol (yeast) and 2 is penicillin (fungus).
• Confirm 3 and 4: bacteria produce antibiotics via fermentation and enzymes via genetic engineering.
• Select option matching only 3 and 4: choice C.

Why C is correct:

• Bacteria like E. coli produce antibiotics (e.g., streptomycin) and enzymes through microbial fermentation, per biotechnology definitions.

Why the others are wrong:

• A includes 1 and 2, which require non-bacterial organisms like yeast or fungi.
• B includes 1, not producible by bacteria.
• D excludes 3, which bacteria can produce.

Final answer: C