Human activities' effects on ecosystem diversity

Steps:

• Define biodiversity as the variety of species, genes, and ecosystems in an area.
• Assess each option's impact: urbanization, selective breeding, habitat conversion, and resource management.
• Identify which option reduces human pressure, allowing natural recovery.
• Select the option promoting species abundance and variety.

Why D is correct:

• Stopping fishing reduces overexploitation, enabling fish populations to rebound per ecological succession principles, increasing species diversity.

Why the others are wrong:

• A: Urban development fragments habitats, displacing wildlife and lowering species richness.
• B: Expanding a pedigree herd promotes genetic uniformity in livestock, reducing overall biodiversity.
• C: Converting forest to plantation creates a monoculture, eliminating diverse native species.

Final answer: D