Dyes separate by differential adsorption in chromatography

Steps:

• Observe the chromatogram for distinct colored spots indicating separate components.
• Count the spots: four distinct colors show all dyes separated.
• Measure distances traveled by each spot and solvent front to calculate Rf values.
• Compare Rf values to identify each dye's retention factor.

Why C is correct:

• C matches the four unique spots to the four original dyes, per the principle that chromatography separates mixtures based on differing solubilities in mobile vs. stationary phases.

Why the others are wrong:

• A assumes incomplete separation, ignoring the clear four-spot result.
• B misidentifies spot colors, violating color-specific dye tracking.
• D overcounts components, contradicting the observed single spots per dye.

Final answer: C