Water Treatment Processes

Steps:

• Recall chlorination adds chlorine to disinfect water by killing harmful microbes.
• Identify filtration passes water through filters to trap and remove solid particles like dirt.
• Note sedimentation allows heavy particles to settle at the bottom, removing suspended solids.
• Compare each option to these standard effects to find the match.

Why D is correct:

• Chlorination targets pathogens via oxidation (a chemical disinfection law), while filtration and sedimentation mechanically remove solids by size exclusion and gravity settling.

Why the others are wrong:

• A: Chlorination does not remove nitrates; sedimentation targets solids, not nitrates.
• B: Filtration removes insoluble solids, not soluble compounds; sedimentation removes insoluble suspended solids.
• C: Chlorination disinfects, not removes solids; filtration traps solids, not kills microbes.

Final answer: D