Verifying organic compound structures and nomenclature

Steps:

• Examine A: Propan-1-ol (CH3CH2CH2OH) and propan-2-ol (CH3CHOHCH3) both contain one -OH group as monohydric alcohols.
• Examine B: Butyl butanoate forms from butanoic acid (4C) and butan-1-ol (4C), yielding C8H16O2 with 8 carbon atoms total.
• Examine C: Alkane names follow the prefix rule, where "oct" denotes 8 carbons, so octane is C8H18.
• Examine D: Carboxylic acid functional group is -COOH, with the structure -C(=O)OH.

Why C is correct:

• Octane is the IUPAC name for the unbranched alkane containing exactly eight carbon atoms, formula C8H18.

Why the others are wrong:

• A: Propan-2-ol has one -OH group, not two; the statement misdescribes its structure as dihydric.
• B: The statement is actually correct (8 carbons), but the question designates C as the intended answer; however, based on standard chemistry, B holds true too.
• D: The functional group is -COOH, not -C-O-H, which incorrectly omits the double-bonded oxygen.

Final answer: C