Precipitation of Insoluble Lead(II) Sulfate from Soluble Lead Salt

Steps:

• Lead(II) sulfate is insoluble, so prepare it via precipitation: Pb²⁺(aq) + SO₄²⁻(aq) → PbSO₄(s).
• Dilute sulfuric acid supplies SO₄²⁻ ions without excess heat or side products.
• Select a soluble lead(II) compound to ensure Pb²⁺ ions are fully available in solution for clean reaction.
• Avoid insoluble or reactive solids that could introduce impurities or gases.

Why A is correct:

• Aqueous lead(II) nitrate undergoes double displacement: Pb(NO₃)₂(aq) + H₂SO₄(aq) → PbSO₄(s) + 2HNO₃(aq), forming a pure white precipitate easily filtered and washed.

Why the others are wrong:

• B: Lead(II) carbonate reacts but releases CO₂ gas, complicating filtration and risking impure product.
• C: Powdered lead(II) oxide dissolves slowly in acid, leading to incomplete reaction and potential impurities.
• D: Powdered lead(II) sulfide produces toxic H₂S gas, unsuitable for safe, pure preparation.

Final answer: A