Precipitation of insoluble silver chloride Steps:

• Silver's position below hydrogen means it does not react with HCl to form AgCl.
• Use soluble silver nitrate (AgNO3) and HCl to produce insoluble AgCl via AgNO3(aq) + HCl(aq) → AgCl(s) + HNO3(aq).
• The reaction forms a precipitate, requiring filtration to separate solid AgCl from the solution.
• Crystallisation applies to evaporating solutions of soluble salts, not direct precipitates.

Why D is correct:

• Filtration isolates the insoluble AgCl precipitate per standard precipitation lab procedure.

Why the others are wrong:

• A: Silver metal inert to HCl, no reaction occurs (reactivity series).
• B: Crystallisation unsuitable for insoluble precipitate separation.
• C: Identical to B, incorrect method for precipitate.

Final answer: D