Free radical chlorination of ethane Steps:

• UV light triggers free radical mechanism for alkane-halogen reactions.
• Chlorine radicals abstract a hydrogen from ethane, forming ethyl radical and HCl.
• Ethyl radical combines with Cl atom to form chloroethane.
• Overall: C₂H₆ + Cl₂ → C₂H₅Cl + HCl, a substitution reaction. Why C is correct:
• It produces HCl, the actual byproduct per the substitution mechanism where H-Cl bond forms. Why the others are wrong:
• A: Shows H₂ instead of HCl, incorrect for radical substitution.
• B: Yields dichloroethane and H₂, but reaction with one Cl₂ gives monochlorination and HCl.
• D: Unbalanced equation with non-standard products like CH₂Cl fragments.

Final answer: C