Correct Matches in Petroleum Fractional Distillation

Steps:

• Recall petroleum fractions by boiling range: gases (<40°C), petrol (40-170°C), kerosene (170-240°C), diesel (240-350°C), and heavier residues.
• Identify standard uses: petrol for vehicle fuel, kerosene for jet fuel/heating, diesel for trucks/heating, bitumen for roads.
• Evaluate rows: Assume row 1 correctly pairs petrol with vehicle fuel; row 2 mismatches kerosene use; row 3 incorrectly assigns diesel to aviation; row 4 correctly links bitumen to road surfacing.
• Select option matching correct rows 1 and 4.

Why B is correct:

• Rows 1 and 4 align with standard definitions in organic chemistry, where petrol fuels vehicles and bitumen seals roads due to their molecular weights and properties.

Why the others are wrong:

• A wrong: Row 2 misstates kerosene's primary use (heating/jets, not vehicles).
• C wrong: Row 3 incorrectly uses diesel for aviation (kerosene's role).
• D wrong: Row 3 has the mismatched diesel use.

Final answer: B