Water Disinfection in Treatment Processes

Steps:

• Identify the goal: Disinfection kills or inactivates harmful microorganisms in water.
• Review common methods: Processes like chlorination target pathogens directly.
• Evaluate options: Match each to its primary function in water treatment.
• Select the match: Choose the one specifically for disinfection.

Why B is correct:

• Chlorination introduces chlorine gas or compounds to oxidize and destroy bacteria, viruses, and other microbes, as defined in standard water treatment protocols.

Why the others are wrong:

• A: Adding carbon (activated carbon) adsorbs organic compounds and improves taste, but does not kill pathogens.
• C: Desalination removes salts from seawater via reverse osmosis, unrelated to microbial control.
• D: Filtration physically removes sediments and particles, but ineffective against dissolved or small microbes without additional steps.

Final answer: B