Petroleum fractions and their uses in fuels

Steps:

• Recall that crude oil is separated into fractions by boiling point during distillation.
• Identify aviation fuel as requiring a mid-range fraction with high energy density and low volatility.
• Match fractions: petrol for cars (low boiling), naphtha for solvents (very low), kerosene/paraffins for jets (medium boiling).
• Confirm kerosene, mainly paraffins, powers aircraft engines safely.

Why C is correct:

• Paraffins (or kerosene fraction) are straight-chain hydrocarbons with boiling points of 150–275°C, ideal for jet fuel per aviation standards like ASTM D1655 for stability and ignition.

Why the others are wrong:

• A. blumen: Not a recognized petroleum fraction; likely a misspelling without fuel application.
• B. naphtha: Light fraction (boiling <150°C) used for petrochemicals, not engines due to high volatility.
• D. petrol (gasoline): Low-boiling fraction for spark-ignition engines, too flammable and low-energy for aircraft.

Final answer: C