Galvanization coats iron with zinc to prevent corrosion

Steps:

• Recall that galvanizing is a process to protect iron from rusting by applying a metal coating.
• Identify the metal used: it's zinc, which forms a sacrificial layer.
• Confirm via definition: galvanization specifically involves dipping iron in molten zinc.
• Eliminate other options by knowing they serve different protective or alloy purposes.

Why D is correct:

• Zinc is used in galvanization as it provides cathodic protection, where zinc corrodes preferentially to iron, per the electrochemical series.

Why the others are wrong:

• A. Calcium: Used in metallurgy for deoxidation, not for coating iron.
• B. Copper: Forms alloys like brass but doesn't protect iron from rust via galvanization.
• C. Lead: Applied in some paints or batteries, but toxic and not for iron galvanizing.

Final answer: D