Ionic Compounds' Structure and Properties

Steps:

• Recall that ionic compounds form from metal and non-metal ions via electrostatic attraction.
• Evaluate each option against key properties: lattice structure, conductivity, and state at room temperature.
• Identify the option that accurately describes the fundamental composition without errors.
• Confirm by cross-checking with standard definitions of ionic bonding.

Why B is correct:

• Ionic compounds are defined as a regular, three-dimensional lattice of oppositely charged ions held together by strong electrostatic forces, as per the ionic bonding model.

Why the others are wrong:

• A: Ionic compounds do not conduct electricity when solid; ions are fixed in the lattice and cannot move.
• C: While most are solids due to strong ionic attractions, the statement is incomplete and not the most precise description of ionic compounds.
• D: Conductivity in molten or aqueous states occurs due to mobile ions, not free electrons, which is characteristic of metals.

Final answer: B